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An anthracite pile in Trevorton, Pennsylvania. Anthracite derives from the Greek anthrakítēs (ἀνθρακίτης), literally "coal-like". [9] Other terms which refer to anthracite are black coal, hard coal, stone coal, [10] [11] dark coal, coffee coal, blind coal (in Scotland), [7] Kilkenny coal (in Ireland), [10] crow coal or craw coal, and black diamond.
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other elements , chiefly hydrogen , sulfur , oxygen , and nitrogen . [ 1 ]
Bituminous coal is dark brown to black, [3] hard, [9] but friable. [10] It is commonly composed of thin bands of alternating bright and dull material. [9] Though bituminous coal varies in its chemical composition, a typical composition is about 84.4% carbon, 5.4% hydrogen, 6.7% oxygen, 1.7% nitrogen, and 1.8% sulfur, on a weight basis. [11]
Small coals may be produced accidentally by breakage, and sometimes deliberately as a by-product of screening out the more valuable round coals. Small coal at one time referred to charcoal, but this usage is obsolete. [31] Snap or bait. Snap, bait or piece is food taken to eat part way through the shift and often carried in a snap tin. [32] Sough
Soft coal may refer to several lower quality types of coal, primarily used for power generation: Lignite, or brown coal; Sub-bituminous coal; Bituminous coal, or ...
According to the History Channel, the name was first used to describe an 1869 financial crisis, in which corruption and stock fraud caused the U.S. gold market to collapse entirely.
Coal refuse (also described as coal waste, rock, slag, coal tailings, waste material, rock bank, culm, boney, or gob [1]) is the material left over from coal mining, usually as tailings piles or spoil tips.
The first technical Black Friday landed Sept. 24, 1869, the day the United States' gold market crashed. Two Wall Street financiers, Jay Gould and Jim Fisk, worked to buy up as much of the nation's ...