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Commensalism is a long-term biological interaction in which members of one species gain benefits while those of the other species neither benefit nor are harmed. [1] This is in contrast with mutualism , in which both organisms benefit from each other; amensalism , where one is harmed while the other is unaffected; and parasitism , where one is ...
There are two major modes of transmission for symbiotic bacteria. The first is horizontal transmission in which microbes are acquired from the environment and either the environment or the host population serves as the inoculum for the symbiosis. [7] An example of horizontal transmission is the deep sea tube worm and its symbiont. [7]
Commensalism describes a relationship between two living organisms where one benefits and the other is not significantly harmed or helped. It is derived from the English word commensal, used of human social interaction. It derives from a medieval Latin word meaning sharing food, formed from com-(with) and mensa (table). [38] [39]
Mutualism is an interaction between two or more species, where species derive a mutual benefit, for example an increased carrying capacity. Similar interactions within a species are known as co-operation. Mutualism may be classified in terms of the closeness of association, the closest being symbiosis, which is often confused with mutualism.
Commensalism is an interaction in which one species benefits and the other species is unaffected. Epiphytes (plants growing on other plants, usually trees) have a commensal relationship with their host plant because the epiphyte benefits in some way ( e.g. , by escaping competition with terrestrial plants or by gaining greater access to ...
In commensalism, one of the two participating species benefits, while the other is neither harmed nor benefitted. In parasitism, one of the two participating species benefits at the expense of the other. Symbiosis may be obligate or facultative. In obligate symbiosis, one or both species depends on the other for survival.
Commensalism is the term used to describe a situation in which one organism gains and the other is neither harmed nor benefited. [20] For instance, epiphytes on tree trunks in rain forests are aided by the trees because they provide a surface for their growth.
Commensalism is very common in microbial world, literally meaning "eating from the same table". [62] It is a relationship between two species where one species benefits with no harm or benefit for the other species. [18]