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A eutectic system or eutectic mixture (/ j uː ˈ t ɛ k t ɪ k / yoo-TEK-tik) [1] is a type of a homogeneous mixture that has a melting point lower than those of the constituents. [2] The lowest possible melting point over all of the mixing ratios of the constituents is called the eutectic temperature .
A deeper eutectic or more rapid cooling will result in finer lamellae; as the size of an individual lamellum approaches zero, the system will instead retain its high-temperature structure. Two common cases of this include cooling a liquid to form an amorphous solid , and cooling eutectoid austenite to form martensite .
One example is eutectic mixture. In a eutectic system, there is particular mixing ratio where the solidus and liquidus temperatures coincide at a point known as the invariant point. At the invariant point, the mixture undergoes a eutectic reaction where both solids melt at the same temperature. [3]
Such a mixture can be either a solid solution, eutectic or peritectic, among others. These two types of mixtures result in very different graphs. Another type of binary phase diagram is a boiling-point diagram for a mixture of two components, i. e. chemical compounds.
There are also a number of phase transitions involving three phases: a eutectic transformation, in which a two-component single-phase liquid is cooled and transforms into two solid phases. The same process, but beginning with a solid instead of a liquid is called a eutectoid transformation.
There is one eutectoid point on the diagram, at 83 wt% of In. The eutectoid temperature is 322 K (49 °C; 120.20 °F). In the cooling process the phase ε will form BiIn 2 and In. In the peritectic point, with the composition of 86 wt% of In, the liquid and the already formed In (s) will result in the phase ε. There are three intermetallic ...
Pearlite occurs at the eutectoid of the iron-carbon phase diagram (near the lower left). Pearlite is a two-phased , lamellar (or layered) structure composed of alternating layers of ferrite (87.5 wt%) and cementite (12.5 wt%) that occurs in some steels and cast irons .
Eutectic bonding, also referred to as eutectic soldering, describes a wafer bonding technique with an intermediate metal layer that can produce a eutectic system. Those eutectic metals are alloys that transform directly from solid to liquid state, or vice versa from liquid to solid state, at a specific composition and temperature without ...