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Paraffin wax (or petroleum wax) is a soft colorless solid derived from petroleum, coal, or oil shale that consists of a mixture of hydrocarbon molecules containing between 20 and 40 carbon atoms. It is solid at room temperature and begins to melt above approximately 37 °C (99 °F), [ 2 ] and its boiling point is above 370 °C (698 °F). [ 2 ]
Icosane (alternative spelling eicosane and eichosane [2]) is an alkane with the chemical formula C 20 H 42.It has 366,319 constitutional isomers.. n-Icosane (the straight-chain structural isomer of icosane) is the shortest compound found in paraffin waxes used to form candles.
It can be used to remove candle wax that has dripped onto a glass surface; it is recommended that the excess wax be scraped off prior to applying kerosene via a soaked cloth or tissue paper. [58] It can be used to clean bicycle and motorcycle chains of old lubricant before relubrication. [58] It can also be used to thin oil-based paint used in ...
Candles were also made from stearin (initially manufactured from animal fats but now produced almost exclusively from palm waxes). [37] [38] Today, most candles are made from paraffin wax, a byproduct of petroleum refining. [39] The hydrocarbon C 31 H 64 is a typical component of paraffin wax, from which most modern candles are produced.
Candle moulding machine in Indonesia circa 1920. Candle making was developed independently in a number of countries around the world. [1]Candles were primarily made from tallow and beeswax in Europe from the Roman period until the modern era, when spermaceti (from sperm whales) was used in the 18th and 19th centuries, [2] and purified animal fats and paraffin wax since the 19th century. [1]
Candelilla wax is a wax derived from the leaves of the small candelilla shrub native to northern Mexico and the southwestern United States, Euphorbia antisyphilitica, from the family Euphorbiaceae. It is yellowish-brown, hard, brittle, aromatic, and opaque to translucent.