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V 2 O 5 + SO 2 → 2 VO 2 + SO 3. The catalyst is regenerated by oxidation with air: 4 VO 2 + O 2 → 2 V 2 O 5. Similar oxidations are used in the production of maleic anhydride: C 4 H 10 + 3.5 O 2 → C 4 H 2 O 3 + 4 H 2 O. Phthalic anhydride and several other bulk organic compounds are produced similarly.
For 12 C, the isotopic mass is exactly 12, since the atomic mass unit is defined as 1/12 of the mass of 12 C. For other isotopes, the isotopic mass is usually within 0.1 u of the mass number. For example, 35 Cl (17 protons and 18 neutrons) has a mass number of 35 and an isotopic mass of 34.96885. [7]
Naturally occurring vanadium (23 V) is composed of one stable isotope 51 V and one radioactive isotope 50 V with a half-life of 2.71×10 17 years. 24 artificial radioisotopes have been characterized (in the range of mass number between 40 and 65) with the most stable being 49 V with a half-life of 330 days, and 48 V with a half-life of 15.9735 days.
The atomic number can be used to uniquely identify ordinary chemical elements. In an ordinary uncharged atom, the atomic number is also equal to the number of electrons. For an ordinary atom which contains protons, neutrons and electrons, the sum of the atomic number Z and the neutron number N gives the atom's atomic mass number A.
This is a list of chemical elements and their atomic properties, ordered by atomic number (Z).. Since valence electrons are not clearly defined for the d-block and f-block elements, there not being a clear point at which further ionisation becomes unprofitable, a purely formal definition as number of electrons in the outermost shell has been used.
A chemical element, often simply called an element, is a type of atom which has a specific number of protons in its atomic nucleus (i.e., a specific atomic number, or Z). [ 1 ] The definitive visualisation of all 118 elements is the periodic table of the elements , whose history along the principles of the periodic law was one of the founding ...
The atomic mass of atoms, ions, or atomic nuclei is slightly less than the sum of the masses of their constituent protons, neutrons, and electrons, due to (per E = mc 2). Atomic mass is often measured in dalton (Da) or unified atomic mass unit (u). One dalton is equal to 1 ⁄ 12 the mass of a carbon-12 atom in its natural state.
Vanadium forms oxides in the +2, +3, +4 and +5 oxidation states, forming vanadium(II) oxide (VO), vanadium(III) oxide (V 2 O 3), vanadium(IV) oxide (VO 2) and vanadium(V) oxide (V 2 O 5). Vanadium(V) oxide or vanadium pentoxide is the most common, being precursor to most alloys and compounds of vanadium, and is also a widely used industrial ...