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"The Big Tent of U.S. Women's and Gender History: A State of the Field," Journal of American History (2012) 99#3 pp 793–817; Frederickson, Mary E. "Going Global: New Trajectories in U.S. Women's History," History Teacher, Feb 2010, Vol. 43 Issue 2, pp. 169–189; Hewitt, Nancy A. A Companion to American Women's History (2005) excerpt and text ...
Despite its relatively short life, gender history (and its forerunner women's history) has had a rather significant effect on the general study of history.Since the 1960s, when the initially small field first achieved a measure of acceptance, it has gone through a number of different phases, each with its own challenges and outcomes, but always making an impact of some kind on the historical ...
Sociobiologists argue that these roles are evolutionary and led to the establishment of traditional gender roles, with women in the domestic sphere and men dominant in every other area. [52] However, this view pre-assumes a view of nature that is contradicted by the fact that women engage in hunting in 79% of modern hunter-gatherer societies. [55]
The American scene in the 1920s featured a widespread expansion of women's roles, starting with the vote in 1920, and including new standards of education, employment and control of their own sexuality. "Flappers" raised the hemline and lowered the old restrictions in women's fashion. The Italian-American media disapproved.
Gender stereotypes influence traditional feminine occupations, resulting in microaggression toward women who break traditional gender roles. [62] These stereotypes include that women have a caring nature, have skill at household-related work, have greater manual dexterity than men, are more honest than men, and have a more attractive physical ...
The women's right to vote, with its legislative representation, represented a paradigm shift where women would no longer be treated as second-class citizens without a voice. The women's suffrage campaign is the most deeply embedded campaign of the past 250 years. [127] [dubious – discuss] At first, suffrage was treated as a lower priority.
Gender, and particularly the role of women is widely recognized as vitally important to international development issues. [205] This often means a focus on gender-equality, ensuring participation, but includes an understanding of the different roles and expectation of the genders within the community. [206]
The term materialist feminism emerged in the late 1970s; materialist feminism highlights capitalism and patriarchy as central in understanding women's oppression. Under materialist feminism, gender is seen as a social construct, and society forces gender roles, such as bearing children, onto women. Materialist feminism's ideal vision is a ...