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Corneal topography, also known as photokeratoscopy or videokeratography, is a non-invasive medical imaging technique for mapping the anterior curvature of the cornea, the outer structure of the eye. Since the cornea is normally responsible for some 70% of the eye's refractive power , [ 1 ] its topography is of critical importance in determining ...
Diagnosis is most often by topography. Topography measures the curvature of the cornea and creates a colored "map" of the cornea. Keratoconus causes very distinctive changes in the appearance of these maps that allow doctors to make the diagnosis. Initially, the condition can typically be corrected with glasses or soft contact lenses. [3]
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A modern development of the concept is found in corneal topography, in which analysis of the reflected image is passed to a computer. The automated instrument can produce colour-coded contour maps of the eye's topography or even three-dimensional visualisations of its surface. [1]
Diagram of light and four Purkinje images [1] An eye with Purkinje images. Purkinje images are reflections of objects from the structure of the eye. They are also known as Purkinje reflexes and as Purkinje–Sanson images. At least four Purkinje images are usually visible in the normal eye.
Goldmann indirect goniolens: this truncated-cone like device utilises mirrors to reflect the light from the iridocorneal angle into the direction of the observer (as shown by the schematic diagram). In practice the image comes out roughly orthogonal to the back surface (nearer the practitioner), making observation and magnification with a slit ...
The Javal-Schiotz keratometer is a two position instrument which uses a fixed image and doubling size and adjustable object size to determine the radius of curvature of the reflective surface.