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The Turkish alphabet (Turkish: Türk alfabesi) is a Latin-script alphabet used for writing the Turkish language, consisting of 29 letters, seven of which (Ç, Ğ, I, İ, Ö, Ş and Ü) have been modified from their Latin originals for the phonetic requirements of the language.
Common Turkic alphabet with 34 letters, as devised at the Turkic World Common Alphabet Commission in September 2024 [5] The Tatar Latin script, introduced in September 1999 and canceled in January 2005, used a slightly different set of additional letters (ŋ instead of ñ, ə instead of ä), and the letter ɵ instead of Turkish ö.
Language Alphabet Latin Cyrillic Perso-Arabic Altai language (south) Altai alphabets: Historical: Official: Altai language (north) Historical: Widely used: Äynu language
Turkish now has an alphabet suited to the sounds of the language: the spelling is largely phonemic, with one letter corresponding to each phoneme. [82] Most of the letters are used approximately as in English, the main exceptions being c , which denotes [dʒ] ( j being used for the [ʒ] found in Persian and European loans); and the undotted ı ...
Ottoman Turkish script was replaced by the Latin-based new Turkish alphabet.Its use became compulsory in all public communications in 1929. [6] [7] The change was formalized by the Law on the Adoption and Implementation of the Turkish Alphabet, [8] passed on November 1, 1928, and effective on January 1, 1929.
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The writing system also discards the initial, medial, and final letter forms of the Ottoman Turkish alphabet, with only the isolated form of each letter being used. The system consists of a total of 45 characters, including 35 consonants and 10 vowels. Enver Pasha prepared a book called Elifbâ (lit. ' alphabet ') to teach this system in 1917.
It was written in the Ottoman Turkish alphabet. Ottoman Turkish was largely unintelligible to the less-educated lower-class and to rural Turks, who continued to use kaba Türkçe ("raw/vulgar Turkish"; compare Vulgar Latin and Demotic Greek), which used far fewer foreign loanwords and is the basis of the modern standard. [3]