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Emission standards focus on reducing pollutants contained in the exhaust gases from vehicles as well as from industrial flue gas stacks and other air pollution exhaust sources in various large-scale industrial facilities such as petroleum refineries, natural gas processing plants, petrochemical plants and chemical production plants.
Two diesel particulate matter monitors. Exposure to diesel exhaust and diesel particulate matter (DPM) is an occupational hazard to truckers, railroad workers, occupants of residential homes in the vicinity of a rail yard, and miners using diesel-powered equipment in underground mines. Adverse health effects have also been observed in the ...
Particulate matter (mainly carbon and also known as soot) that is not burned in the power stroke represents wasted energy. Because of stricter regulations on particulate matter (PM), the soot-increasing effect of EGR required the introduction of further emission controls in order to compensate for the resulting PM emission increases.
Particulates or atmospheric particulate matter (see below for other names) are microscopic particles of solid or liquid matter suspended in the air.The term aerosol refers to the particulate/air mixture, as opposed to the particulate matter alone, [1] though it is sometimes defined as a subset of aerosol terminology. [2]
Multiple epidemiological studies have demonstrated that particulate matter exposure is associated with acute respiratory infections, lung cancer, and chronic respiratory and cardiovascular disease. [ 8 ] Researchers have also found correlations between exposure to fine particulate matter and fatality rates in previous coronavirus epidemics.
Each of these vehicles must meet specific emissions targets before being allowed to obtain or renew vehicle registrations. Many of these programs are administered on the local and county level. For example, the Clean Air Car Check is a vehicle emissions-testing program for all vehicles registered in Lake and Porter counties in Indiana. The two ...
New particulate filters can capture from 30% to greater than 95% of the harmful soot. [9] With an optimal diesel particulate filter (DPF), soot emissions may be decreased to 0.001 g/km or less. [10] The quality of the fuel also influences the formation of these particles. For example, a high sulphur content diesel produces more particles.
Vehicle emissions control is the study of reducing the emissions produced by motor vehicles, especially internal combustion engines.The primary emissions studied include hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, and sulfur oxides.