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The Arab Agricultural Revolution [a] was the transformation in agriculture in the Old World during the Islamic Golden Age (8th to 13th centuries). The agronomic literature of the time, with major books by Ibn Bassal and Ibn al-'Awwam , demonstrates the extensive diffusion of useful plants to Medieval Spain ( al-Andalus ), and the growth in ...
Ibn Sirin (654–728), author of work on dreams and dream interpretation [6]; Al-Kindi (801–873) (Alkindus), pioneer of psychotherapy and music therapy [7]; Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari (9th century), pioneer of psychiatry, clinical psychiatry and clinical psychology [8]
Agriculture terraces were (and are) common in the austere, high-elevation environment of the Andes. Inca farmers using a human-powered foot plough. The earliest known areas of possible agriculture in the Americas dating to about 9000 BC are in Colombia, near present-day Pereira, and by the Las Vegas culture in Ecuador on the Santa Elena peninsula.
After nationalizing foreign oil interests, Saddam supervised the modernization of the countryside, mechanizing agriculture on a large scale, and distributing land to peasant farmers. [71] The Ba'athists established farm cooperatives and the government also doubled expenditures for agricultural development in 1974–1975.
Early European Farmers (EEF) [a] were a group of the Anatolian Neolithic Farmers (ANF) who brought agriculture to Europe and Northwest Africa.The Anatolian Neolithic Farmers were an ancestral component, first identified in farmers from Anatolia (also known as Asia Minor) in the Neolithic, and outside in Europe and Northwest Africa, they also existed in Iranian Plateau, South Caucasus ...
The Middle East was essential to the British Empire, so Germany and Italy worked to undermine British influence there. Hitler allied with the Muslim leader Amin al-Husseini—in exile since he participated in the 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine—as part of promoting Arab nationalism to destabilize regional British control.
The people of Hadhramaut were skilled in agriculture, especially in growing frankincense and myrrh. They had a strong maritime culture and traded with India, East Africa, and Southeast Asia. [183] Although the kingdom declined in the 4th century, Hadhramaut remained a cultural and economic center. Its legacy can still be seen today. [184]
Ruins of the Tell es-Sultan site, Jericho. Little is known about the beginnings of agriculture in the Near Eastern Neolithic before the 1950s, when three major excavations identified and dated sites such as Jericho (Tell es-Sultan in the West Bank), excavated by Kathleen Kenyon, Beidha (), excavated by Diana Kirkbride, and Jarmo (northern Iraq), excavated by Robert John Braidwood.