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The following is a list of straight-chain alkanes, the total number of isomers of each (including branched chains), and their common names, sorted by number of carbon atoms. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Number of C atoms
C 4 H 10 – four carbon and 10 hydrogen pentane C 5 H 12 – five carbon and 12 hydrogen hexane C 6 H 14 – six carbon and 14 hydrogen heptane C 7 H 16 – seven carbons and 16 hydrogen octane C 8 H 18 – eight carbons and 18 hydrogen. The first four names were derived from methanol, ether, propionic acid and butyric acid.
For example, the simplest alkane is CH 4 methane, and the nine-carbon alkane CH 3 (CH 2) 7 CH 3 is named nonane. The names of the first four alkanes were derived from methanol, ether, propionic acid and butyric acid, respectively.
Higher alkanes are naturally present in crude oil and can be obtained via fractional distillation.Saturated fatty acids decarboxylate to higher alkanes. Long olefins can be hydrogenated to yield higher alkanes. n-alkanes can be isolated via the formation of urea clathrates.They can also be synthesized through Kolbe electrolysis or other coupling reactions like the Wurtz reaction.
C 10 H 6 Cl 2: dichloro naphthalene: 2050-69-3 C 10 H 6 N 2 OS 2: quinomethionate: 2439-01-2 C 10 H 6 N 2 O 8 S: flavianic acid: 483-84-1 C 10 H 6 N 4 O 2: alloxazine: 490-59-5 C 10 H 6 O 3: phenylmaleic anhydride: 36122-35-7 C 10 H 7 Cl 2 NO: chloro quinaldol: 72-80-0 C 10 H 7 Cl 2 N 3 O: anagrelide: 68475-42-3 C 10 H 7 Cl 5 O: tridiphane ...
An alkane is an acyclic saturated hydrocarbon. See Alkane. Alkanes as substituents are called alkyl groups Subcategories. This category has the following 5 ...
[2] [3] Many of the simple molecules of organic chemistry, such as the alkanes and alkenes, have both linear and ring isomers, that is, both acyclic and cyclic. For those with 4 or more carbons, the linear forms can have straight-chain or branched-chain isomers.
Combining the names of functional groups with the names of the parent alkanes generates what is termed a systematic nomenclature for naming organic compounds. In traditional nomenclature, the first carbon atom after the carbon that attaches to the functional group is called the alpha carbon ; the second, beta carbon, the third, gamma carbon, etc.