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OPC was preceded by the Special Procedures Group (SPG), whose creation in March 1948 [1] had been authorized in December 1947 with President Harry Truman's approval of the top-secret policy paper NSC 4-A. [2] SPG was located within the CIA's Office of Special Operations (OSO), the CIA department responsible for intelligence collection, and was first used to influence the Italian election of ...
Frank Gardiner Wisner (June 23, 1909 – October 29, 1965) was one of the founding officers of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and played a major role in CIA operations throughout the 1950s. Wisner began his intelligence career in the Office of Strategic Services in World War II .
The Directorate of Plans was originally conceived to solve organizational rivalry between the Office of Special Operations (OSO) and the Office of Policy Coordination (OPC). There was operational overlap between the two CIA departments, even though OSO was focused on intelligence collection whereas OPC was more focused on covert action. [5]
OPC was brought under CIA control in October 1950, when Walter Bedell Smith became DCI. [18] OPC was merged on 1 August 1952 with the CIA branch responsible for espionage, the Office of Special Operations (OSO), to form the Directorate of Plans (DDP).
The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA / ˌ s iː. aɪ ˈ eɪ /), known informally as the Agency, [6] metonymously as Langley [7] and historically as the Company, [8] is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human ...
suggested incorporating covert operations and clandestine intelligence into one office within CIA. ... the Office of Special Operations (OSO), responsible for the clandestine collection of intelligence, and the Office of Policy Coordination (OPC), responsible for covert actions, be integrated into a single division within CIA.
Like much of the newly disclosed JFK papers, the memo didn’t contain any secret bombshells that prove an elaborate conspiracy to kill Kennedy. Instead, it was the CIA trying to hide how it does ...
To this end, the Office of Policy Coordination was created inside the new CIA. It is important to note, though, that the OPC was quite unique. Frank Wisner, the head of the OPC, answered not to the DI, but to the secretaries of defense, state, and the NSC, and the OPC's actions were a secret even from the head of the CIA.