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A motion artifact is one of the most common artifacts in MR imaging. [2] Motion can cause either ghost images or diffuse image noise in the phase-encoding direction. The reason for mainly affecting data sampling in the phase-encoding direction is the significant difference in the time of acquisition in the frequency- and phase-encoding ...
Ghosting is a multidimensional artifact that occurs in the MRI in the phase-encoded direction (short axis of the image) after applying the Fourier transform. When the phase of the magnetic resonance signal is being encoded into the 2D or 3D Fourier image, a mild deviation from the actual phase and amplitude may occur.
In linguistics, clipping, also called truncation or shortening, [1] is word formation by removing some segments of an existing word to create a diminutive word or a clipped compound. Clipping differs from abbreviation , which is based on a shortening of the written, rather than the spoken, form of an existing word or phrase.
In iterative reconstruction in digital imaging, interior reconstruction (also known as limited field of view (LFV) reconstruction) is a technique to correct truncation artifacts caused by limiting image data to a small field of view. The reconstruction focuses on an area known as the region of interest (ROI).
The first MR images of a human brain were obtained in 1978 by two groups of researchers at EMI Laboratories led by Ian Robert Young and Hugh Clow. [1] In 1986, Charles L. Dumoulin and Howard R. Hart at General Electric developed MR angiography, [2] and Denis Le Bihan obtained the first images and later patented diffusion MRI. [3]
Reduplication can convey emphasis or repetition, for example mate "die", matemate "die in numbers"; and de-emphasis, for example wera "hot" and werawera "warm". Reduplication can also extend the meaning of a word; for instance paki "pat" becomes papaki "slap or clap once" and pakipaki "applaud"; kimo "blink" becomes kikimo "close eyes firmly"
Microplastics have been found in historic soil samples for the first time, according to a new study, potentially upending the way archaeological remains are preserved.
The gray spot in the center is a shadow artifact. Image quality factors, different types of visual artifacts; Compression artifacts; Digital artifacts, visual artifacts resulting from digital image processing; Noise; Screen-door effect, also known as fixed-pattern noise (FPN), a visual artifact of digital projection technology; Ghosting ...