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The basion-dens line as seen on a radiograph is the distance between the basion and the top of the dens, used in the diagnosis of dissociation injuries. [4] Genetic disorders can cause a prominent occiput as found in Edwards syndrome, and Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome. The identification of the location of the fetal occiput is important in ...
The distances between the dens and surrounding structures are also key features that can suggest the diagnosis, with the normal distance between the dens and basion (i.e., dens–basion interval; BDI) measuring less than 9 mm on CT, and the distance between the atlas and dens (i.e., atlas–dens interval; ADI) measuring less than 3 mm on CT, although this can be increased in cases of ...
The dens, also called the odontoid process, or the peg, is the most pronounced projecting feature of the axis. The dens exhibits a slight constriction where it joins the main body of the vertebra. The condition where the dens is separated from the body of the axis is called os odontoideum and may cause nerve and circulation compression syndrome ...
The clivus is a shallow depression behind the dorsum sellae of the sphenoid bone, extending inferiorly to the foramen magnum. [3] It slopes gradually to the anterior part of the basilar occipital bone at its junction with the sphenoid bone.
The basion is located at the midpoint on the anterior margin of the foramen magnum. The alar ligament , which is attached on each side to the tubercle of occipital condyle , divides the foramen magnum into an anterior smaller compartment and a posterior larger compartment.
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The atlanto-axial joint is a joint between the atlas bone and the axis bone, which are the first and second cervical vertebrae.It is a pivot joint that provides 40 to 70% of axial rotation of the head.
Cephalometric analysis is the clinical application of cephalometry.It is analysis of the dental and skeletal relationships of a human skull. [1] It is frequently used by dentists, orthodontists, and oral and maxillofacial surgeons as a treatment planning tool. [2]