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String vibrations. In physics, a string is a physical entity postulated in string theory and related subjects. Unlike elementary particles, which are zero-dimensional or point-like by definition, strings are one-dimensional extended entities. Researchers often have an interest in string theories because theories in which the fundamental ...
String theory has been used to construct a variety of models of particle physics going beyond the standard model. Typically, such models are based on the idea of compactification. Starting with the ten- or eleven-dimensional spacetime of string or M-theory, physicists postulate a shape for the extra dimensions.
In particle physics, the Lund string model is a phenomenological model of hadronization. It treats all but the highest- energy gluons as field lines, which are attracted to each other due to the gluon self-interaction and so form a narrow tube (or string) of strong color field .
At low energies, type IIA string theory is described by type IIA supergravity in ten dimensions which is a non-chiral theory (i.e. left–right symmetric) with (1,1) d=10 supersymmetry; the fact that the anomalies in this theory cancel is therefore trivial.
String theory is a branch of theoretical physics that attempts to build a theory of quantum gravity using one-dimensional strings rather than zero-dimensional point particles as fundamental building blocks. The name string theory is somewhat of a misnomer since the modern theory also includes higher dimensional objects known as branes
In physics, the Polyakov action is an action of the two-dimensional conformal field theory describing the worldsheet of a string in string theory.It was introduced by Stanley Deser and Bruno Zumino and independently by L. Brink, P. Di Vecchia and P. S. Howe in 1976, [1] [2] and has become associated with Alexander Polyakov after he made use of it in quantizing the string in 1981. [3]
In string theory and related theories (such as supergravity theories), a brane is a physical object that generalizes the notion of a zero-dimensional point particle, a one-dimensional string, or a two-dimensional membrane to higher-dimensional objects.
In 1974, together with John H. Schwarz, Scherk realised that string theory was a theory of quantum gravity. In 1978, together with Eugène Cremmer and Bernard Julia , Scherk constructed the Lagrangian and supersymmetry transformations for eleven-dimensional supergravity , [ 3 ] which is one of the foundations of M-theory .