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The history of the Philippines from 1565 to 1898 is known as the Spanish colonial period, during which the Philippine Islands were ruled as the Captaincy General of the Philippines within the Spanish East Indies, initially under the Viceroyalty of New Spain, based in Mexico City, until the independence of the Mexican Empire from Spain in 1821.
The Ilustrados (Spanish: [ilusˈtɾaðos], "erudite", [1] "learned" [2] or "enlightened ones" [3]) constituted the Filipino intelligentsia (educated class) during the Spanish colonial period in the late 19th century. [4] [5] Elsewhere in New Spain (of which the Philippines were part), the term gente de razón carried a similar meaning.
The most common languages spoken in the Philippines today are English and Filipino, the national language that is a standardised form of Tagalog. Spanish was an official language of the country until immediately after the People Power Revolution in February 1986 and the subsequent ratification of the 1987 Constitution. The new charter dropped ...
Most of the traditional literatures of the Philippines were written during the Spanish period, while being preserved orally prior to Spanish colonization. Philippine literature is written in Spanish, English, or any indigenous Philippine languages. Some well known works of literature were created in the 17th to 19th centuries.
Philippine literature in English has its roots in the efforts of the United States, then engaged in a war with Filipino nationalist forces at the end of the 19th century. By 1901, public education was institutionalized in the Philippines , with English serving as the medium of instruction.
[1] [2] Philippine literature encompasses literary media written in various local languages as well as in Spanish and English. According to journalist Nena Jimenez, the most common and consistent element of Philippine literature is its short and quick yet highly interpersonal sentences, with themes of family, dogmatic love, and persistence. [3]
Official copy of the "Acta de la proclamación de independencia del pueblo Filipino", the Philippine Declaration of Independence. Spanish was the sole official language of the Philippines throughout its more than three centuries of Spanish rule, from the late 16th century to 1898, then a co-official language (with English) under its American rule, a status it retained (now alongside Filipino ...
A "Criollo" Filipina woman in the 1890s. The history of the Spanish Philippines covers the period from 1521 to 1898, beginning with the arrival in 1521 of the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan sailing for Spain, which heralded the period when the Philippines was an overseas province of Spain, and ends with the outbreak of the Spanish–American War in 1898.