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In 1936, Erdős and Turán conjectured [1] that every set of integers A with positive natural density contains a k-term arithmetic progression for every k. This conjecture, which became Szemerédi's theorem, generalizes the statement of van der Waerden's theorem .
Ramsey theory, named after the British mathematician and philosopher Frank P. Ramsey, is a branch of the mathematical field of combinatorics that focuses on the appearance of order in a substructure given a structure of a known size. Problems in Ramsey theory typically ask a question of the form: "how big must some structure be to guarantee ...
Of his contributions, the development of Ramsey theory and the application of the probabilistic method especially stand out. Extremal combinatorics owes to him a whole approach, derived in part from the tradition of analytic number theory. Erdős found a proof for Bertrand's postulate which proved to be far neater than Chebyshev's original
The Erdős–Heilbronn conjecture in combinatorial number theory on the number of sums of two sets of residues modulo a prime, proved by Dias da Silva and Hamidoune in 1994. [11] The Erdős–Graham conjecture in combinatorial number theory on monochromatic Egyptian fraction representations of unity, proved by Ernie Croot in 2000. [12]
The Erdős–Szekeres conjecture states precisely a more general relationship between the number of points in a general-position point set and its largest subset forming a convex polygon, namely that the smallest number of points for which any general position arrangement contains a convex subset of points is +. It remains unproven, but less ...
In 1930, in a paper entitled 'On a Problem of Formal Logic,' Frank P. Ramsey proved a very general theorem (now known as Ramsey's theorem) of which this theorem is a simple case. This theorem of Ramsey forms the foundation of the area known as Ramsey theory in combinatorics .
Erdős on Graphs: His Legacy of Unsolved Problems is a book on unsolved problems in mathematics collected by Paul Erdős in the area of graph theory. It was written by Fan Chung and Ronald Graham, based on a 1997 survey paper by Chung, [1] and published in 1998 by A K Peters. A softcover edition with some updates and corrections followed in 1999.
The book "presents mathematics as a human endeavor" and "explores the birth of ideas and moral dilemmas of the times between and during the two World Wars". [1] As such, as well as covering the mathematics of its topics, it includes biographical material and correspondence with many of the people involved in creating it, including in-depth coverage of Issai Schur, Pierre Joseph Henry Baudet ...