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Paralysis (pl.: paralyses; also known as plegia) is a loss of motor function in one or more muscles. Paralysis can also be accompanied by a loss of feeling (sensory loss) in the affected area if there is sensory damage. In the United States, roughly 1 in 50 people have been diagnosed with some form of permanent or transient paralysis. [1]
It can be injected into a muscle or more commonly muscle groups of the upper or lower extremities. Botulinum toxin A induces temporary muscle paralysis or relaxation. The main goal of botulinum toxin A is to maintain the range of motion of affected joints and to prevent the occurrence of fixed joint contractures or stiffness.
In children, the most common cause is a stroke of the ventral pons. [9]Unlike persistent vegetative state, in which the upper portions of the brain are damaged and the lower portions are spared, locked-in syndrome is essentially the opposite, caused by damage to specific portions of the lower brain and brainstem, with no damage to the upper brain.
Scientists have identified a group of nerve cells that helps patients with paralysis stand up and walk again. These nerve cells, or neurons, called Vsx2, are present in the brain stem and the ...
Bell's palsy, partial facial paralysis; Bulbar palsy, impairment of cranial nerves; Cerebral palsy, a neural disorder caused by intracranial lesions; Conjugate gaze palsy, a disorder affecting the ability to move the eyes; Erb's palsy, also known as brachial palsy, involving paralysis of an arm; Spinal muscular atrophy, also known as wasting palsy
The subsequent paralysis affects, principally, the intrinsic muscles of the hand and the flexors of the wrist and fingers". [7] This results in a form of paralysis known as Klumpke's paralysis. [7] [20] Backpack palsy is caused by much use of a heavy backpack whose pack-straps chronically press on the brachial plexus.
The median nerve controls the majority of the muscles in the forearm. It controls abduction of the thumb, flexion of hand at wrist, flexion of digital phalanx of the fingers, is the sensory nerve for the first three fingers, etc.
Spastic quadriplegia also presents a range of symptoms that affect the musculature. Many experience contractures, which are defined as joints that cannot be stretched or moved. Clonus is another symptom that is characterized by alternating, rapid muscle contraction and relaxation. This presents itself as tremors and scissoring of the limbs.