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For cervical ectopic thymus, the differential diagnosis should include additional causes of neck masses. This includes common causes of neck masses in children, including: thyroglossal duct cyst. [6] [10] branchial cleft cyst. [10] dermoid cyst. [10] inflammatory lymphadenitis. [10] salivary gland infection. [10] sternocleidomastoid tumor of ...
A neck mass or neck lump is an ambiguous mass found in the neck area. There are many different possible causes, [1] including head and neck cancer [2] and congenital conditions like branchial anomalies and thyroglossal duct cysts. [3]
The mass is usually in the neck (hence the name "nuchal-type"), but it can be seen in the extremities, lumbosacral area, buttocks, and face. [ 2 ] [ 4 ] There is a strong association with diabetes mellitus and Gardner syndrome ; in fact, it may be the initial manifestation of Gardner syndrome.
Thyroglossal cysts can be defined as an irregular neck mass or a lump which develops from cells and tissues left over after the formation of the thyroid gland during developmental stages. [ 1 ] Thyroglossal cysts are the most common cause of midline neck masses and are generally located caudal to (below) the hyoid bone.
Any sudden changes in direction of blood flow produces audible sounds on the ultrasound machine. [3] In spectral Doppler, the y-axis shows the direction and velocity of the flow. Meanwhile, the x-axis (as known as "baseline") shows the flow over time. The gradient at any point on the waveform would therefore shows the acceleration of the flow ...
The cause is usually a developmental abnormality arising in the early prenatal period, typically failure of obliteration of the second, third, and fourth branchial cleft, i.e. failure of fusion of the second branchial arches and epicardial ridge in lower part of the neck. Branchial cleft cysts account for almost 20% of neck masses in children. [1]
A common sign is a neck growth. It may be found at birth, or discovered later in an infant after an upper respiratory tract infection. [8] Cystic hygromas can grow very large and may affect breathing and swallowing. Some symptoms may include a mass or lump in the mouth, neck, cheek, or tongue. It feels like a large, fluid-filled sac.
The indications to do FNAC are: nodules more than 1 cm with two ultrasound criteria suggestive of malignancy, nodules of any size with extracapsular extension or lymph nodes enlargement with unknown source, any sizes of nodules with history of head and neck radiation, family history of thyroid carcinoma in two or more first degree relatives ...