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Routes can also be classified based on where the target of action is. Action may be topical (local), enteral (system-wide effect, but delivered through the gastrointestinal tract), or parenteral (systemic action, but is delivered by routes other than the GI tract). Route of administration and dosage form are aspects of drug delivery.
Iron in parenteral iron preparation needs to be released by the cleavage of the surrounding complex by macrophages. [4] After reaching the bloodstream, it becomes a part of the endogenous iron pool and establishes normal human iron distribution, metabolism, and elimination .
Drug delivery is a concept heavily integrated with dosage form and route of administration, the latter sometimes being considered part of the definition. [9] While route of administration is often used interchangeably with drug delivery, the two are separate concepts.
Systemic administration is a route of administration of medication, nutrition or other substance into the circulatory system so that the entire body is affected. [1] Administration can take place via enteral administration (absorption of the drug through the gastrointestinal tract) [ 2 ] or parenteral administration (generally injection ...
In other sustained release formulations the matrix swells to form a gel through which the drug exits. Another method by which sustained release is achieved is through an osmotic controlled-release oral delivery system , where the active compound is encased in a water-permeable membrane with a laser drilled hole at one end.
Intramuscular injection, often abbreviated IM, is the injection of a substance into a muscle. In medicine , it is one of several methods for parenteral administration of medications. Intramuscular injection may be preferred because muscles have larger and more numerous blood vessels than subcutaneous tissue, leading to faster absorption than ...
Intravenous therapy (abbreviated as IV therapy) is a medical technique that administers fluids, medications and nutrients directly into a person's vein.The intravenous route of administration is commonly used for rehydration or to provide nutrients for those who cannot, or will not—due to reduced mental states or otherwise—consume food or water by mouth.
The drug travels by some route of administration (oral, topical-dermal, etc.) in a chosen dosage form (e.g., tablets, capsules, or in solution). [3] Absorption by some other routes, such as intravenous therapy , intramuscular injection , enteral nutrition , is even more straightforward and there is less variability in absorption and ...