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Uganda became an independent sovereign state on 9 October 1962. As a Commonwealth realm, [1] the British monarch, Elizabeth II, remained head of state as Queen of Uganda until the link with the British monarchy was severed on 9 October 1963 and the Kabaka (King) of Buganda, Sir Edward Mutesa II, became the first President of Uganda.
The original independence election of 1962, therefore, was the last one held in Uganda until December 1980. On the home front, Obote issued the " Common Man's Charter ," echoed the call for African socialism by Tanzanian President Julius Nyerere , and proclaimed a " move to the left " to signal new efforts to consolidate power.
Uganda was granted its independence in 1962, although elections leading to internal self-governance were held on 1 March 1961. Benedicto Kiwanuka of the Democratic Party became the first chief minister. Milton Obote was elected Prime Minister in April 1962 and Uganda became a republic in October 1962, maintaining its Commonwealth membership.
The first post-independence election, held in 1962, was won by an alliance between the Uganda People's Congress (UPC) and Kabaka Yekka (KY). UPC and KY formed the first post-independence government with Milton Obote as executive prime minister, with the Buganda Kabaka (King) Edward Muteesa II holding the largely ceremonial position of president.
From Uganda's independence from Great Britain in 1962 to early 1971, Milton Obote's regime had terrorized, harassed, and tortured people. [5] Frequent food shortages led to food prices experiencing hyper-inflation, with one contributing factor being Obote's persecution of Indian traders. [5]
General elections were held in Uganda on 25 April 1962 in preparation for independence on 9 October. However, elections were not held in all parts of the country, with the Parliament of Buganda nominating 21 members (all of whom belonged to the Kabaka Yekka party) to the national parliament instead.
[1] [2] On 1 March 1962, Sebalu announced that he had discovered an alleged plot by the Uganda People's Congress (UPC) to overthrow the constitution within three years of independence. [7] In late 1972, during the rule of Idi Amin, Sebalu disappeared after being arrested by the military police, but was not killed.
His first job in Uganda was as a colonial officer with the Ministry of Works, then with £100 he set up Uganda Aviation Services Ltd., the first airline in Uganda to employ Africans. As Uganda's independence approached in 1962, Astles became involved with a number of political groups.