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The analytical engine was a proposed digital mechanical general-purpose computer designed by English mathematician and computer pioneer Charles Babbage. [2] [3] It was first described in 1837 as the successor to Babbage's Difference Engine, which was a design for a simpler mechanical calculator.
Charles Babbage wrote a series of programs for the Analytical Engine from 1837 to 1840. [166] The first program was finished in 1837. [ 167 ] The Engine was not a single physical machine, but rather a succession of designs that Babbage tinkered with until his death in 1871.
Charles Babbage began to construct a small difference engine in c. 1819 [4] and had completed it by 1822 (Difference Engine 0). [5] He announced his invention on 14 June 1822, in a paper to the Royal Astronomical Society , entitled "Note on the application of machinery to the computation of astronomical and mathematical tables". [ 6 ]
Charles Babbage's first public exposition about his Analytical Engine at Accademia delle Scienze, Turin. [31] 1842 France: Timoleon Maurel patented the Arithmaurel, a mechanical calculator with a very intuitive user interface, especially for multiplying and dividing numbers because the result was displayed as soon as the operands were entered.
Difference Engine, 1822 – Charles Babbage's mechanical device to calculate polynomials. Analytical Engine, 1837 – A later Charles Babbage device that could be said to encapsulate most of the elements of modern computers. Odhner Arithmometer, 1873 – W. T. Odhner's calculator who had millions of clones manufactured until the 1970s.
Babbage's plans made his analytical engine the first general-purpose design that could be described as Turing-complete in modern terms. [ 46 ] [ 47 ] The analytical engine was programmed using punched cards , a method adapted from the Jacquard loom invented by Joseph Marie Jacquard in 1804, which controlled textile patterns with a sequence of ...
Ada Lovelace. In 1840, Charles Babbage was invited to give a seminar in Turin on his analytical engine, [12] the only public explanation he ever gave on the engine. [13] During Babbage's lecture, mathematician Luigi Menabrea wrote an account of the engine in French. [12]
Babbage, Charles: Originated the concept of a programmable general-purpose computer; designed the Analytical Engine and built a prototype for a less powerful mechanical calculator. 1973 Bachman, Charles: Outstanding contributions to database technology. [7] 1954, 1963 Backus, John