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In organic chemistry, a ketone / ˈ k iː t oʊ n / is an organic compound with the structure R−C(=O)−R', where R and R' can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents. Ketones contain a carbonyl group −C(=O)− (a carbon-oxygen double bond C=O). The simplest ketone is acetone (where R and R' are methyl), with the formula (CH 3) 2 CO ...
Cyclic ketones (4 C, 33 P) Cyclopentanonides (2 P) D. Diarylketones (3 C, 11 P) E. Estrone esters (10 P) H. Hydroxyketones (4 C, 20 P) I. Indolones (1 P) K. Keto ...
For example, (CH 3) 2 CHCH 2 CH 3 (isopentane) is named 2-methylbutane, not 3-methylbutane. If there are multiple side-branches of the same size alkyl group, their positions are separated by commas and the group prefixed with multiplier prefixes depending on the number of branches. For example, C(CH 3) 4 (neopentane) is named 2,2 ...
The periselectivity of a particular reaction depends on the structure of both the ketene and the substrate. Although the reaction is predominantly used to form four-membered rings, a limited number of substrates undergo [3+2] or [4+2] reactions with ketenes. Examples of all three modes of cycloaddition are discussed in this section.
Pages in category "Ketone solvents" The following 14 pages are in this category, out of 14 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. A. Acetone; Acetophenone; B.
For example, there are at least two isomers of the linear form of pentanone, a ketone that contains a chain of exactly five carbon atoms. There is an oxygen atom bonded to one of the middle three carbons (if it were bonded to an end carbon, the molecule would be an aldehyde , not a ketone), but it is not clear where it is located.
A classic example for favoring the keto form can be seen in the equilibrium between vinyl alcohol and acetaldehyde (K = [enol]/[keto] ≈ 3 × 10 −7). In 1,3-diketones, such as acetylacetone (2,4-pentanedione), the enol form is more favored. The acid-catalyzed conversion of an enol to the keto form proceeds by proton transfer from O to carbon.
Methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK, 4-methylpentan-2-one) is an organic compound with the condensed chemical formula (CH 3) 2 CHCH 2 C(O)CH 3. This ketone is a colourless liquid that is used as a solvent for gums, resins, paints, varnishes, lacquers, and nitrocellulose.