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  2. Racial segregation in Canada - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racial_segregation_in_Canada

    Under its regulations, the law stipulated that all Chinese people entering Canada must first pay a CA$50 fee, [7] [8] later referred to as a head tax. This was amended in 1887, [ 9 ] 1892, [ 10 ] and 1900, [ 11 ] with the fee increasing to CA$100 in 1901 and later to its maximum of CA$500 in 1903, representing a two-year salary of an immigrant ...

  3. Racial separate schools in Canada - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racial_separate_schools_in...

    As a result of that bill, from 1850 in Upper Canada in the Province of Canada, provision was made for the establishment of separate schools for the Black community. [6] [7] In 1886, Ontario clarified its law, so that such establishment could only occur after an application had been made by at least five Black families in the community. [8]

  4. Racism in Canada - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racism_in_Canada

    Canada had also practiced segregation, and a Canadian Ku Klux Klan exists. [34] [35] Racial profiling occurs in cities such as Halifax, Toronto and Montreal. [36] [37] Black people made up 3% of the Canadian population in 2016, and 9% of the population of Toronto (which has the largest communities of Caribbean and African immigrants). [38]

  5. Niagara Movement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niagara_Movement

    From 1890 to 1908, all the Southern states ratified new constitutions or laws that disenfranchised most blacks and significantly restricted their political and civil rights. [4] After Democrats regained control of state legislatures they passed laws imposing legal racial segregation in public facilities.

  6. Pass system (Canadian history) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pass_system_(Canadian_history)

    Vancouver Island University historian, Keith D. Smith described the pass system in his 2009 book Liberalism, Surveillance, and Resistance: Indigenous Communities in Western Canada, 1877-1927, as a "highly effective component of a "coercive and flexible" "matrix" of restrictive "laws, regulations, and policies" to "confine Indigenous people to ...

  7. Lloyd L. Gaines - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lloyd_L._Gaines

    Representing the state, William Hogsett conceded in his argument that Gaines was an excellent and qualified student with a right to a legal education, as long as it was somewhere other than the state university's law school. He noted that racial segregation was public policy of the state, codified in the constitution and laws enacted by its ...

  8. Bill seeks to rename L.A. courthouse after Latino family who ...

    www.aol.com/news/bill-seeks-rename-l-courthouse...

    Rep. Jimmy Gomez, D-Calif., will introduce legislation to rename the Los Angeles U.S. Courthouse after the Latino family whose lawsuit Mendez v. Westminster paved the way for school desegregation.

  9. African Americans in Canada - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_Americans_in_Canada

    The Underground Railroad was a secret network that helped African Americans escape from slavery in the South to free states in the north and to Canada. [4] Harriet Tubman helped enslaved Black people escape to Canada. [5] Around some 1,500 African Americans migrated to the Plains region of Canada in the years between 1905 and 1912.