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The color triangles formed by velocity vectors u,c and w are called velocity triangles and are helpful in explaining how pumps work. c 1 {\displaystyle c_{1}\,} and c 2 {\displaystyle c_{2}\,} are the absolute velocities of the fluid at the inlet and outlet respectively.
An example of a velocity triangle drawn for the inlet of a turbomachine. The "1" subscript denotes the high pressure side (inlet in case of turbines and outlet in case of pumps/compressors). A general velocity triangle consists of the following vectors: [1] [2] V = absolute velocity of the fluid. U = blade linear velocity.
The velocity triangle [2] (Figure 2.) for the flow process within the stage represents the change in fluid velocity as it flows first in the stator or the fixed blades and then through the rotor or the moving blades. Due to the change in velocities there is a corresponding pressure change. Figure 2. Velocity Triangle for fluid flow in turbine
Usually the flow velocity (velocity perpendicular to the tangential direction) remains constant throughout, i.e. V f1 =V f2 and is equal to that at the inlet to the draft tube. Using the Euler turbine equation, E/m=e=V w1 U 1, where e is the energy transfer to the rotor per unit mass of the fluid. From the inlet velocity triangle,
Velocity triangles for an inward-flow radial (IFR) turbine stage with cantilever blades The radial and tangential components of the absolute velocity c 2 are c r2 and c q2 , respectively. The relative velocity of the flow and the peripheral speed of the rotor are w 2 and u 2 respectively.
A derivation of the general Euler equations (fluid dynamics) is Euler's pump and turbine equation, which plays an important role in understanding impeller performance. This equation can be written in the form: Equation-1.2 (see Figures 1.2.2 and 1.2.3 illustrating impeller velocity triangles)
The color triangle formed by velocity vectors ,, is called the velocity triangle. This rule was helpful to detail Eq.(1) become Eq.(2) and wide explained how the pump works. Fig 2.3 (a) shows the velocity triangle of a forward-curved vane impeller; Fig 2.3 (b) shows the velocity triangle of a radial straight-vane impeller.
While a turbine transfers energy from a fluid to a rotor, a compressor transfers energy from a rotor to a fluid. [1] [2] It is an important application of fluid mechanics. [3] These two types of machines are governed by the same basic relationships including Newton's second Law of Motion and Euler's pump and turbine equation for compressible ...