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  2. Dynamic range - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_range

    Audio engineers use dynamic range to describe the ratio of the amplitude of the loudest possible undistorted signal to the noise floor, say of a microphone or loudspeaker. [18] Dynamic range is therefore the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for the case where the signal is the loudest possible for the system. For example, if the ceiling of a device ...

  3. Audio bit depth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_bit_depth

    Dynamic range and headroom. Dynamic range is the difference between the largest and smallest signal a system can record or reproduce. Without dither, the dynamic ...

  4. Headroom (audio signal processing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headroom_(audio_signal...

    In digital and analog audio, headroom refers to the amount by which the signal-handling capabilities of an audio system can exceed a designated nominal level. [1] Headroom can be thought of as a safety zone allowing transient audio peaks to exceed the nominal level without damaging the system or the audio signal, e.g., via clipping. Standards ...

  5. Glossary of biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_biology

    This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology ...

  6. Pattern formation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern_formation

    In developmental biology, pattern formation refers to the generation of complex organizations of cell fates in space and time. The role of genes in pattern formation is an aspect of morphogenesis , the creation of diverse anatomies from similar genes, now being explored in the science of evolutionary developmental biology or evo-devo.

  7. Highlight headroom - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highlight_headroom

    Highlight headroom is the measure of how much additional dynamic range a given photographic medium (such as film or digital image sensors) has to record the detail within the brightest parts of a scene. As an example, consider a photograph of a white wedding dress against a white background. With limited highlight headroom, it will be hard to ...

  8. Biological applications of bifurcation theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_applications_of...

    As a very simple explanation of a bifurcation in a dynamical system, consider an object balanced on top of a vertical beam. The mass of the object can be thought of as the control parameter, r, and the beam's deflection from the vertical axis is the dynamic variable, x. As r increases, x remains relatively stable. But when the mass reaches a ...

  9. Structural biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_biology

    Structural biology deals with structural analysis of living material (formed, composed of, and/or maintained and refined by living cells) at every level of organization. [ 1 ] Early structural biologists throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries were primarily only able to study structures to the limit of the naked eye's visual acuity and ...