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The authors concluded that the "results provided insufficient evidence that time and comprehension differ significantly among different conditions of spacing between sentences". [98] A 2018 study of 60 students found that those who used two word spaces between sentences read the same text 3% faster than with a monospaced font (Courier New). [99]
Historical style guides before the 20th century typically indicated that wider spaces were to be used between sentences. [3] Standard word spaces were about one-third of an em space, but sentences were to be divided by a full em-space. With the arrival of the typewriter in the late 19th century, style guides for writers began diverging from ...
"In ordinary spacing a full em occurs at the end of a sentence. In French spacing the end of a sentence is spaced the same as the balance of the words in the line. [12] "...French spacing. The insertion of fixed space such as an en or an em between sentences instead of a variable word space." [13]
Wider spacing continued to be used by both typesetters and typists until the Second World War, after which typesetters gradually transitioned to word spacing between sentences in published print, while typists continued the practice of using two spaces.
In fact, the single space on a PS font is much less than the spacing of a MS font, so the difference between the spacing on a single-spaced sentence is even less than the average letter. When reading a PS single-spaced sentence, it can be hard to tell the difference between comma-space and period-space, or period-space (in reference to an ...
Only with the Greek playwrights (such as Euripides and Aristophanes) did the ends of sentences begin to be marked to help actors know when to make a pause during performances. Punctuation includes space between words and both obsolete and modern signs. By the 19th century, the punctuation marks were used hierarchically, according to their ...
Another example: when the spaces between words line up approximately above one another in several loose lines, a distracting river of white space may appear. [4] Rivers appear in right-aligned, left-aligned and centered settings too, but are more likely to appear in justified text, because of the additional word spacing.
There is generally no space between an opening quotation mark and the following word, or a closing quotation mark and the preceding word. When a double quotation mark or a single quotation mark immediately follows the other, proper spacing for legibility may suggest that a thin space ( ) or larger non-breaking space ( ) be inserted.