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Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is the inability to properly digest food due to a lack or reduction of digestive enzymes made by the pancreas.EPI can occur in humans and is prevalent in many conditions [1] such as cystic fibrosis, [2] Shwachman–Diamond syndrome, [3] different types of pancreatitis, [4] multiple types of diabetes mellitus (Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes), [5] advanced ...
Unexplained weight loss. Numbness or tingling in your hands or feet. Slow-healing sores or cuts. Frequent skin and/or vaginal yeast infections. People with Type 3c diabetes typically also have symptoms of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, which include: [citation needed] Abdominal pain, gas and bloating. Constipation. Diarrhoea.
Atrophic gastritis can also cause intrinsic factor deficiency and anemia through damage to the parietal cells of the stomach wall. [16] Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency can interfere with normal dissociation of vitamin B 12 from its binding proteins in the small intestine, preventing its absorption via the intrinsic factor complex. [ 17 ]
Pancreatic diseases are diseases that affect the pancreas, an organ in most vertebrates and in humans and other mammals located in the abdomen. [1] The pancreas plays a role in the digestive and endocrine system , producing enzymes which aid the digestion process and the hormone insulin , which regulates blood sugar levels. [ 2 ]
Damage to the pancreas can reduce the production of pancreatic enzymes that aid digestion, causing Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency. Fats and nutrients are not absorbed properly, leading to loose, greasy stool known as steatorrhea. It can also lead to malnutrition. [1] [2] Weight loss even when eating habits and amounts are normal. [1]
Possible causes include exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, with poor digestion from lack of lipases, loss of bile salts, which reduces micelle formation, and small intestinal disease-producing malabsorption. Various other causes include certain medicines that block fat absorption or indigestible or excess oil/fat in diet.
In chronic pancreatitis, weight loss, fatty stool, and diarrhea may occur. [1] [5] Complications may include infection, bleeding, diabetes mellitus, or problems with other organs. [1] The two most common causes of acute pancreatitis are a gallstone blocking the common bile duct after the pancreatic duct has joined; and heavy alcohol use. [1]
The stable isotope breath test is unreliable for individuals with small bowel diseases like celiac disease, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, liver disease, [40] or lung disease because it involves duodenal absorption, 13C metabolism in the liver, and pulmonary exhalation of 13CO2. Physical activity is another factor that can influence CO2 ...