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It was partially released in February 2019, followed by full release of the 1.5-billion-parameter model on November 5, 2019. [3] [4] [5] GPT-2 was created as a "direct scale-up" of GPT-1 [6] with a ten-fold increase in both its parameter count and the size of its training dataset. [5]
T5 (Text-to-Text Transfer Transformer) is a series of large language models developed by Google AI introduced in 2019. [1] [2] Like the original Transformer model, [3] T5 models are encoder-decoder Transformers, where the encoder processes the input text, and the decoder generates the output text.
Hugging Face, Inc. is an American company that develops computation tools for building applications using machine learning. It is known for its transformers library built for natural language processing applications.
The transformer model has been implemented in standard deep learning frameworks such as TensorFlow and PyTorch. Transformers is a library produced by Hugging Face that supplies transformer-based architectures and pretrained models. [11]
Grok is a generative artificial intelligence chatbot developed by xAI. Based on the large language model (LLM) of the same name, it was launched in 2023 as an initiative by Elon Musk. [3] The chatbot is advertised as having a "sense of humor" and direct access to X, formerly known as Twitter.
Can use Theano, Tensorflow or PlaidML as backends Yes No Yes Yes [20] Yes Yes No [21] Yes [22] Yes MATLAB + Deep Learning Toolbox (formally Neural Network Toolbox) MathWorks: 1992 Proprietary: No Linux, macOS, Windows: C, C++, Java, MATLAB: MATLAB: No No Train with Parallel Computing Toolbox and generate CUDA code with GPU Coder [23] No Yes [24 ...
Generative pretraining (GP) was a long-established concept in machine learning applications. [16] [17] It was originally used as a form of semi-supervised learning, as the model is trained first on an unlabelled dataset (pretraining step) by learning to generate datapoints in the dataset, and then it is trained to classify a labelled dataset.
Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3 (GPT-3) is a large language model released by OpenAI in 2020. Like its predecessor, GPT-2 , it is a decoder-only [ 2 ] transformer model of deep neural network, which supersedes recurrence and convolution-based architectures with a technique known as " attention ". [ 3 ]