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In the early 1890s, carmine was mixed with an oil and wax base. The mixture gave a natural look and it was more acceptable among women. At that time, lipstick was not sold in screw up metal tube; it was sold in paper tubes, tinted papers, or in small pots. The Sears Roebuck catalog first offered rouge for lips and cheeks by the late 1890s.
Alkyd resins are usually classed as long oil, [11] medium oil and short oil. [12] These terms represent the oil length in the resin. [ 13 ] Alkyds are also modified with phenolic resin , styrene , vinyl toluene , acrylic monomers (to make them dry more quickly) and isocyanates to produce a polyurethane modified alkyd.
Castor oil by itself has been used in making a variety of polyurethane products, ranging from coatings to foams, and the use of castor oil derivatives continues to be an area of active development. Castor oil derivatized with propylene oxide [9] makes polyurethane foam for mattresses and yet another new derivative is used in coatings [10]
The term today means "hard surfaced paint" and usually is in reference to paint brands of higher quality, floor coatings of a high gloss finish, or spray paints. Most enamel paints are alkyd resin based. Some enamel paints have been made by adding varnish to oil-based paint.
It was available in salve, liquid, and stick forms, [3] and long-lasting, indelible stains were the most popular. [3] Women chose their lipstick based on their skin complexion for a more natural look. Lip pomade, also called lip gloss, was later invented by Max Factor, Sr. in an effort to provide a glamorous appearance to actress' lips on film. [4]
Castor wax is used in polishes, oils paints [3] (Old Holland, Lefranc), cosmetics, electrical capacitors, carbon paper, lubrication and coatings and greases where resistance to moisture, oils and petrochemical products is required. Castor wax is also useful in polyurethane coating formulation, as it contains three secondary hydroxyl groups.
In the United States, the active ingredients of Carmex lip balm are benzocaine, camphor (1.7%), menthol (0.7%), phenol (0.4%), and salicylic acid. [9] The inactive ingredients, in order of greatest used to least used in the product, are lanolin, cetyl esters, paraffin wax, cocoa butter, beeswax, and flavor. [10]
Binders are the film forming component of a paint as it dries and affects the durability, gloss, and flexibility of the coating. Polyurethanes, polyesters, and acrylics are all examples of common binders. The solvent is the medium in which all other components of the paint are dissolved and evaporates away as the paint dries and cures. The ...