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Yttrium is a chemical element; ... yttrium is very unstable in air; shavings or turnings of the metal can ignite in air at temperatures exceeding 400 °C. [15]
Among them, yttrium oxide can be prepared by heating yttrium carbonate or yttrium oxalate. Alternatively the oxychloride, Y 3 O 4 Cl can be heated in air to yield the oxide. Yttrium hydroxide can be precipitated by the reaction of soluble yttrium compounds with sodium hydroxide or ammonia, and can also be obtained by the hydrolysis of yttrium ...
Yttrium-90 is produced by the nuclear decay of strontium-90 which has a half-life of nearly 29 years and is a fission product of uranium used in nuclear reactors. As the strontium-90 decays, chemical high-purity separation is used to isolate the yttrium-90 before precipitation.
The most available element in group 3 is yttrium, with annual production of 8,900 tonnes in 2010. Yttrium is mostly produced as oxide, by a single country, China (99%). [75] Lutetium and scandium are also mostly obtained as oxides, and their annual production by 2001 was about 10 and 2 tonnes, respectively. [76]
Yttrium oxide, also known as yttria, is Y 2 O 3. It is an air-stable, ... Yttrium oxide is used to stabilize the Zirconia in late-generation porcelain-free metal-free ...
Natural yttrium (39 Y) is composed of a single isotope yttrium-89. The most stable radioisotopes are 88 Y, which has a half-life of 106.6 days, and 91 Y, with a half-life of 58.51 days. All the other isotopes have half-lives of less than a day, except 87 Y, which has a half-life of 79.8 hours, and 90 Y, with 64 hours.
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As the half lives of the unstable Yttrium isotopes are low (88 Y being the longest at 106 days), yttrium extracted from strontium-free moderately aged spent fuel has negligible radioactivity. However, the strong gamma emitter 90 Y will be present as long as its parent nuclide 90 Sr is. Should a nonradioactive sample of Yttrium be desired, care ...