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John Stuart Mill. Philosophers from the earliest times have considered the question of liberty. Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius (121–180 AD) wrote: . a polity in which there is the same law for all, a polity administered with regard to equal rights and equal freedom of speech, and the idea of a kingly government which respects most of all the freedom of the governed.
The Greek word "ἐλευθερία" (capitalized Ἐλευθερία; Attic Greek pronunciation: [eleu̯tʰeˈria]), transliterated as eleutheria, is a Greek term for, and personification of, liberty. Eleutheria personified had a brief career on coins of Alexandria.
Libertas was associated with the pileus, a cap commonly worn by freed slaves: [3]. Among the Romans the cap of felt was the emblem of liberty. When a slave obtained his freedom he had his head shaved, and wore instead of his hair an undyed pileus (πίλεον λευκόν, Diodorus Siculus Exc. Leg. 22 p625, ed. Wess.; Plaut.
Words of French origin often refer to more abstract or generalized notions than their Old English equivalents (e.g. liberty/freedom, justice/fairness, source/spring, vision/sight), and are therefore of less frequent use in everyday language. However, this is not true for all English words of French origin.
Liberal, liberty, libertarian, and libertine all trace their etymology to liber, a root from Latin that means "free". [18] One of the first recorded instances of liberal occurred in 1375 when it was used to describe the liberal arts in the context of an education desirable for a free-born man. [ 18 ]
Magna Carta Cotton MS. Augustus II. 106, one of four surviving exemplifications of the 1215 text Created 1215 ; 810 years ago (1215) Location Two at the British Library ; one each in Lincoln Castle and in Salisbury Cathedral Author(s) John, King of England His barons Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury Purpose Peace treaty Full text Magna Carta at Wikisource Part of the Politics series ...
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Liber asserted plebeian rights to ecstatic release, self-expression and free speech; he was Liber Pater, the Free Father – a divine personification of liberty, father of plebeian wisdoms and plebeian augury. [9]