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Arboform consists of the two most abundant natural materials: lignin (ca. 30%) and cellulose (ca. 60%). The remaining part is natural additives that function as plasticizers, dyes, antioxidants, fillers, etc. [4] It has a similar composition, appearance and properties to those of wood, but it can be melted upon heating and molded like a thermoplastic. [5]
Pore fillers used for large flat surfaces such as floors or table tops generally contain silica instead of or in addition to wood dust. Pores can also be filled using multiple coats of the final finish rather than a pore filler. [1] [2] The main problem in using putty is matching the colour of the putty to that of the wood.
During the wood treatment process, the water-soluble copper and the quaternary ammonium cations are immobilized by the formation of stable insoluble compounds with lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose and other wood components. [2] The copper is the primary bactericide and fungicide agent.
Wood finishing starts with sanding either by hand, typically using a sanding block or power sander, scraping, or planing. Imperfections or nail holes on the surface may be filled using wood putty or pores may be filled using wood filler. Often, the wood's color is changed by staining, bleaching, or any of a number of other techniques.
After cure, the PF prevents wood from springing back. This has been used to make high density, very hard wood products, known as “compreg” or “staybwood”. [11] The increase in both strength and stability of the wood is due to the cross-linking of the resin components and the resin's ability to bulk the cell wall.
Copper naphthenate sold for pressure treatment of wood is typically supplied as an 8% copper (as metal) concentrate for dilution to 0.5-1.5% copper (as metal) treating solutions. Copper naphthenate sold at retail for consumer use is typically a 1% or 2% copper ready-to-use solution in mineral spirits or other similar solvents.