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o-Toluidine (ortho-toluidine) is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH 3 C 6 H 4 NH 2. It is the most important of the three isomeric toluidines . It is a colorless liquid although commercial samples are often yellowish.
Toluidine blue solution is used in testing for lignin, a complex organic molecule that bonds to cellulose fibres and strengthens and hardens the cell walls in plants. A positive toluidine blue test causes the solution to turn from blue to blue-green. [1] A similar test can be performed with phloroglucinol-HCl solution, which turns red.
It is advised to check the references for photos of reaction results. [1] Reagent testers might show the colour of the desired substance while not showing a different colour for a more dangerous additive. [2] For this reason it is essential to use multiple different tests to show all adulterants.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-approved standard tests include the VDRL test (a slide test), the rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test (a card test), the unheated serum reagin (USR) test, and the toluidine red unheated serum test (TRUST). [2] These have mostly replaced the first nontreponemal test, the Wassermann test. [citation needed]
There are three isomers of toluidine, which are organic compounds discovered and named by James Sheridan Muspratt and August Wilhelm von Hofmann in 1845. [1] These isomers are o -toluidine , m -toluidine , and p -toluidine , with the prefixed letter abbreviating, respectively, ortho ; meta ; and para .
Glucose homeostasis, when operating normally, restores the blood sugar level to a narrow range of about 4.4 to 6.1 mmol/L (79 to 110 mg/dL) (as measured by a fasting blood glucose test). [ 10 ] The global mean fasting plasma blood glucose level in humans is about 5.5 mmol/L (100 mg/dL); [ 11 ] [ 12 ] however, this level fluctuates throughout ...
Switzerland's Marco Odermatt celebrates at the finish area of an alpine ski, men's World Cup downhill, in Wengen, Switzerland, Saturday, Jan. 18, 2025 (AP Photo/Giovanni Maria Pizzato)
For immediate interpretation, fixed slides are stained with undiluted toluidine blue and read with brightfield microscopy after 15 seconds. Patients take an average of two pain pills after the procedure. Complications in over 800 patients have included one episode of hematospermia and, in another patient, post-operative pain for 7 days.