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Charles Sumner Tainter (April 25, 1854 – April 20, 1940) was an American scientific instrument maker, engineer and inventor, best known for his collaborations with Alexander Graham Bell, Chichester Bell, Alexander's father-in-law Gardiner Hubbard, and for his significant improvements to Thomas Edison's phonograph, resulting in the Graphophone, one version of which was the first Dictaphone.
Phonograph cylinders (also referred to as Edison cylinders after its creator Thomas Edison) are the earliest commercial medium for recording and reproducing sound.Commonly known simply as "records" in their heyday (c. 1896–1916), a name which has been passed on to their disc-shaped successor, these hollow cylindrical objects have an audio recording engraved on the outside surface which can ...
A new standard cylinder speed of 160 rpm was soon established, reducing the maximum playing time to a little over two minutes and losing an advantage over Berliner's discs. As the popularity of the gramophone began to pick up, Berliner found himself having to deal with infringers on his patents.
An Edison Home Phonograph for recording and playing brown wax cylinders, c. 1899. The phonograph, invented by Thomas Edison in 1877, [12] could both record sound and play it back. The earliest type of phonograph sold recorded on a thin sheet of tinfoil wrapped around a grooved metal cylinder. A stylus connected to a sound-vibrated diaphragm ...
Edison introduced wax cylinders approximately 4 + 1 ⁄ 4 inches (11 cm) long and 2 + 1 ⁄ 4 inches (5.7 cm) in external diameter, which became the industry standard. [1] They had a maximum playing time of about 3 minutes at 120 RPM , but around the turn of the century the standard speed was increased to (first 144) and then 160 RPM to improve ...
Transcribing dictation with a Dictaphone wax cylinder dictation machine, in the early 1920s. Note supply of extra wax cylinders on lower part of stand. A dictation machine is a sound recording device most commonly used to record speech for playback or to be typed into print. It includes digital voice recorders and tape recorder.
A Columbia type AT cylinder graphophone produced in 1898 [6] The American label of an electrically recorded Columbia disc by Art Gillham from the mid-1920s The Columbia Phonograph Company was founded on January 15, 1889, by stenographer, lawyer, and New Jersey native Edward D. Easton (1856–1915) and a group of investors.
Tainter received a separate patent for a tube assembly machine to automatically produce the coiled cardboard tubes which served as the foundation for the wax cylinder records. Besides being far easier to handle, the wax recording media also allowed for lengthier recordings and created superior playback quality. [ 43 ]